Ruth Alsop and Nina Heinsohn. 2005. “Measuring Empowerment in Practice: Structuring Analysis and Framing Indicators.” World Bank.
This document begins with a general overview of empowerment research and its diverse development implementation, such as to enhance land management, political participation, economic empowerment projects, etc. It examines key operational definitions, indicators, and measures for tracking changes in empowerment levels across multiple projects in different countries; thus providing a useful synthesis of how a range of initiatives are conceptualizing and measuring empowerment, along with an analysis of inherent implications.